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Republic of Kenya

Knowledge base

Laboratory instrumentation

The main analytical techniques used in the department's laboratories, in plain language.

The department's laboratories use advanced forensic and analytical equipment. In plain terms:

  • DNA analysers produce DNA profiles from biological material, so samples can be compared with reference samples.
  • Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) separates a mixture into its components and identifies each by its mass spectrum. It is widely used for drugs, poisons and fire accelerants.
  • Inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) measures metals and other elements at very low concentrations, for example in water and food.
  • Ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) separates compounds that are not suited to gas chromatography, such as many pharmaceuticals and toxins.
  • Rapid CBRN detection systems support the quick identification of chemical threats.

Last updated 2 November 2026